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Risk Identification and Mitigation Strategies for Deepwater Oilfields Development

Bao-quan Yang,Li Yang,Fan-jie Shang,Xin Zhang,Chen-xi Li

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第4期页码 356-361 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016057

摘要： Deepwater oilfields will become main sources of the world’s oil and gas production. It is characterized with high technology, huge investment, long duration, high risk and high profit. It is a huge system project, including exploration and appraising, field development plan (FDP) design, implementation, reservoir management and optimization. Actually, limited data, international environment and oil price will cause much uncertainty for FDP design and production management. Any unreasonable decision will cause huge loss. Thus, risk foreseeing and mitigation strategies become more important. This paper takes AKPO and EGINA as examples to analyze the main uncertainties, proposes mitigation strategies, and provides valuable experiences for the other deepwater oilfields development.

关键词： deepwater oilfield field development plan implementation reservoir management risk identification mitigation strategies

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长江口深水航道治理工程的创新

范期锦

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第12期页码 13-26

摘要：

经不断探索，依靠技术创新和严格、科学的管理，史无前例的长江口深水航道治理工程在复杂、恶劣的自然条件下取得了成功。文章论述了这一大型水运工程在设计、施工和管理方面创新的思维、作法和效果。

关键词：长江口深水航道工程管理设计施工

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水产养殖设施与深水养殖平台工程发展战略

徐皓

《中国工程科学》 2016年第18卷第3期页码 37-42 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.03.006

摘要：

设施与装备是我国发展环境友好型养殖业的重要保障。要坚持生态优先、绿色发展的理念，转变过去粗放型养殖生产方式，就必须大力开展设施装备技术研究，努力提高我国装备技术水平。只有这样，才能促进我国水产养殖业健康持续地发展。本文重点介绍了我国水产养殖装备设施应用现状、发展水产养殖工程面临的主要问题和发展水产养殖工程应用的关键技术，并提出了对策建议，以期为今后的设施与装备的研发提供借鉴。

关键词：水产养殖设施深水养殖平台发展战略

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水下多相流量计在深水油气田开发工程中的应用研究

刘太元,郭宏,郑利军

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第11期页码 69-74

摘要：

科学技术的不断发展，加速了人们对海洋油气勘探向更深的领域迈进。为了实时监测油井井流的变化，以便更好地优化对油藏的开发，水下多相流量计得到了越来越多的应用。概述了目前常见的水下多相流量计的基本测量原理，研究了多相流量计在深水油气田开发应用的影响因素，包括量程、安装位置、通讯结构等，给出了各种不同方案的可能性，对多相流量计在深水油气田开发工程中的应用具有一定的指导意义。

关键词：深水水下多相流量计流动安全油藏优化油气田开发

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中国石油勘探战略东移与大庆油田的发现

赵文津

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第2期页码 17-27

摘要：

中国石油勘探战略东移是毛泽东、周恩来等老一辈领导人做出的重大决策，石油部、地质部积极执行，联合攻关，发现了大庆油田。李四光先生为中央决策提供了重要的咨询建议，地质部在提供区域和局部构造的地球物理和地质资料，为确定松基3井井位做出了重要贡献；石油部在综合研究地质资料确定松基3井井位，高速度、高质量地完成深井钻探、取芯、试油评价方面也做出了重大贡献。文章根据当事人写的回忆录从多方面对这一事件做出论证，并总结了这一时期找油成功的基本经验，以期能为新世纪地质找矿工作的战略转变提供借鉴。

关键词：石油石油勘探大庆油田

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Smart oilfield development and transition of petroleum-based cities

He LIU, Xinhua MA

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第2期页码 299-301 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0024-5

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Strategies of Efficient Exploration and Development of Deepwater Oil and Gas Overseas

Wen-ming Han,Shui Yu,Hong-yan Zhao,Yang Zhao,Liang Chen

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第4期页码 314-320 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016050

摘要： Deepwater offshore area, with rich oil and gas resources, has currently become the hot area for oil and gas exploration and the main battlefield where global oil majors compete with each other. This article summarizes the current situation of deepwater oil and gas exploration and development overseas from the perspectives of exploration history, exploration achievements and technical progress, and analyzes the difficulties and challenges faced by the industry, such as low level understanding of hydrocarbon accumulation conditions, global security and environmental challenges. And then, several feasible implementation strategies have been proposed on how to actively deal with the challenges, promote Chinese oil companies’ overseas exploration, and realize efficient exploration and development of deepwater oil and gas fields overseas. These strategies consist of three aspects: profit-oriented operation principle, exploration ideas supported by theory and technology, and exploration strategy that puts safety first. In the era of low oil prices, Chinese oil companies must build up confidence, seize the opportunity and face the challenge while taking efforts to innovate technologies and theories, updates strategic ideas, and cultivate deepwater talents so as to be in an active position in global deepwater exploration and development industry in the future.

关键词： deepwater exploration and development operation principle exploration idea exploration strategy

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延长油田长6油藏注水开发及水驱前缘微地震监测应用

郝世彦,王永东

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 8-11

摘要：

论述了延长油田长6井组的转注原因及注水前缘微地震监测。延长油田子长采油厂4237井组的注水前缘优势方向为北东东向，受到原地应力场方向影响强烈。研究表明，注采井网的布局应该同时参考原地应力场方向及原有裂缝方向。依据监测结果，油水井布置方向是正确的，应该缩短沿北北西方向的油、水井距，以提高注水见效程度。

关键词：延长油田注水开发微地震监测水驱前缘

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of combined coagulation-hydrolysis acidification-dynamic membrane bioreactor system for treatment of oilfield

Xue Shen, Lei Lu, Baoyu Gao, Xing Xu, Qinyan Yue

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1093-8

摘要：

• We created a combined system for treating oilfield polymer-flooding wastewater.

• The system was composed of coagulation, hydrolysis acidification and DMBR.

• Coagulant integrated with demulsifier dominated the removal of crude oil.

• The DMBR proceed efficiently without serious membrane fouling.

关键词： Coagulation Hydrolysis acidification Dynamic membrane bioreactor Polymer flooding

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Bioremediation of highly contaminated oilfield soil: Bioaugmentation for enhancing aromatic compounds

Jun QIAO, Chengdong ZHANG, Shuiming LUO, Wei CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第2期页码 293-304 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0561-9

摘要： This study evaluated the effectiveness of different amendments—including a commercial NPK fertilizer, a humic substance (HS), an organic industrial waste (NovoGro), and a yeast-bacteria consortium—in the remediation of highly contaminated (up to 6% of total petroleum hydrocarbons) oilfield soils. The concentrations of hydrocarbon, soil toxicity, physicochemical properties of the soil, microbial population numbers, enzyme activities and microbial community structures were examined during the 90-d incubation. The results showed that the greatest degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) was observed with the biostimulation using mixture of NPK, HS and NovoGro, a treatment scheme that enhanced both dehydrogenase and lipase activities in soil. Introduction of exogenous hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria (in addition to biostimulation with NPK, HS and NovoGro) had negligible effect on the removal of TPH, which was likely due to the competition between exogenous and autochthonous microorganisms. Nonetheless, the addition of exogenous yeast-bacteria consortium significantly enhanced the removal of the aromatic fraction of the petroleum hydrocarbons, thus detoxifying the soil. The effect of bioaugmentation on the removal of more recalcitrant petroleum hydrocarbon fraction was likely due to the synergistic effect of bacteria and fungi.

关键词： bioremediation petroleum hydrocarbon biostimulation bioaugmentation

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模拟深水环境爆炸容器动力响应实验研究

钟冬望,李琳娜

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第11期页码 78-81

摘要：

对可模拟200 m水深、10 g TNT当量的爆炸容器在不同加载静压和内部爆炸载荷下的动力响应进行了实验研究，通过监测容器6 个特征点的动态应变波形，分析了容器壳体的振动特性和动力学强度。测试结果揭示了在加载静压和内部爆炸载荷条件下容器的动态响应规律，为模拟深水环境爆炸容器的设计研制提供了参考。

关键词：深水爆炸爆炸容器动力响应应变

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Analysis of physical properties of gas hydrate-bearing unconsolidated sediment samples from the ultra-deepwater

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第3期页码 509-520 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0786-4

摘要： Marine natural gas hydrate has recently attracted global attention as a potential new clean energy source. Laboratory measurements of various physical properties of gas hydrate-bearing marine sediments can provide valuable information for developing efficient and safe extraction technology of natural gas hydrates. This study presents comprehensive measurement results and analysis of drilled hydrate-bearing sediments samples recovered from Qiongdongnan Basin in the South China Sea. The results show that the gas hydrate in the core samples is mainly methane hydrate with a methane content of approximately 95%, and the other components are ethane and carbon dioxide. The saturation of the samples fluctuates from 2%–60%, the porosity is approximately 38%–43%, and the water content is approximately 30%–50%, which indicate that high water saturation means that timely drainage should be paid attention to during hydrate extraction. In addition, the median diameter of the sediment samples is mainly distributed in the range of 15 to 34 μm, and attention should be paid to the prevention and control of sand production in the mining process. Moreover, the thermal conductivity is distributed in the range of 0.75 to 0.96 W/(m∙K) as measured by the flat plate heat source method. The relatively low thermal conductivity of hydrates at this study site indicates that a combined approach is encouraged for natural gas production technologies. It is also found that clay flakes and fine particles are attached to the surface of large particles in large numbers. Such characteristics will lead to insufficient permeability during the production process.

关键词： natural gas hydrates physical properties analysis hydrate-bearing sediments

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液体射流技术在油田开发中的新应用

吴太平,李生莉

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第10期页码 75-78

摘要：

介绍了利用液体射流原理的4项油田开发新技术——负压法地层解堵技术、不动管柱降压排酸技术、油井井口降压掺水技术、污水沉降罐底部负压排污泥技术——的原理、特点、适应范围、现场应用效果等；通过现场200多井(套)次证明，采用液体射流对地层解堵效果明显，不会对储层造成伤害；采用液体射流排残酸，排酸迅速、彻底；采用液体射流法在井口掺热水，可降低井口回压，改善油井工况，提高泵效；采用液体射流法排放污水沉降罐底部沉积污泥，能提高排泥效果，改善污水处理质量；液体射流新技术工艺简单，操作方便，成本低廉，在油田生产中具有较好的应用前景。

关键词：液体射流油田应用

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横沙深水新港“全水运”的集疏运模式探索

彭德艳,秦小川

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第6期页码 86-90

摘要：

从世界各地港口发展的经验来看，一个合适的集疏运模式对港口物流服务效率与社会经济效益的提升至关重要。本文参考了国内外港口的成功经验，针对构想中的横沙深水新港，结合其位于长江入海口的地理位置优势，对利用长江航运开展“全水运”的集疏运模式进行了探索。

关键词：上海港深水港横沙东滩集疏运长江航运

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微地震监测技术在低渗透油田裂缝研究中的应用——以大庆西部外围低渗透油田为例

赵玉武,曲瑛新,熊文平

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 34-39

摘要：

微地震监测技术的现场应用是通过监测注水过程中产生的微震波，来确定出水驱前缘位置、优势注水方向、注水波及面积等资料，进而确定出裂缝分布的规律。在简要介绍无源微地震监测技术基本原理的基础上，结合地质动、静态资料，对微地震法在水驱前缘测试大庆西部外围低渗透油田的应用效果进行了分析。现场应用效果证明，微地震监测技术在低渗透油田裂缝研究领域具有良好的应用前景，对提高低渗透裂缝型油田开发效果具有十分重要的意义。

关键词：无源微地震裂缝水驱前缘注水开发